Independent journal published in Tokyo.
Employment is commonly treated as a source of labor income, but in modern market economies a stable job often performs a much larger distributive function. It provides current earnings, produces human capital, anchors access to social...
View preprintArtificial intelligence may allow firms to expand output without expanding entry-level employment at the same rate. This possibility is usually discussed as a question of job displacement, but that framing misses a second mechanism: the...
View preprintCountry size is commonly proxied by territory or resident population, yet these measures can misstate the economic scale available to highly integrated small states. This paper develops the concept of accessible economic scale: the...
View preprintSmall states are commonly analyzed through a capacity problem: they face high fixed costs, thin administrative pools, and vulnerabilities that make it difficult to reproduce the institutional apparatus of larger states. Yet this framing...
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